Authorship (Gathering Term; do not assign)

. Academic dissertations

. Juvenilia

.     SN: Use for works produced by children and young people.

. Literary hoaxes

. Spirit communications

Conditions of publication (Gathering term; do not assign)

. Alternative publications

.     SN: Use for works published openly as contrasts to the

.         mainstream political, social, and cultural press of their

.         time.

. Anthologies

.. Chrestomathies

..     SN: Use for collections of excerpts from original texts used as

..         teaching specimens of a literature or language.

.. Poetical miscellanies

..     SN: Use for collections of contemporary poems by different

..         authors, usually dealing with various topics and primarily

..         published from the 16th through the 18th centuries.

. Big little books

.     HN: 1/98 Term added.

.     SN: Use for small, thick, heavily illustrated books, usually

.         containing texts abridged from popular fiction.

. Blow books

.     HN: 1/98 Term added.

.     SN: Use for books with hidden nicks or tabs in the fore-edge so

.         that different illustrations appear on different occasions

.         of riffling.

. Censored works

.     HN: Changed 1/91. Formerly, "Censored works" may have been

.         indexed as "Censored books" or as "Prohibited books.

.. Banned works

..     HN: Changed 1/91. Formerly, "Banned works" may have been

..         indexed as "Banned books.

..     SN: Use for works which have been officially prohibited from

..         distribution or sale by a legal authority, civil or

..         ecclesiastical.

.. Condemned works

..     HN: Changed 1/91. Formerly, "Condemned works" may have been

..         indexed as "Condemned books.

..     SN: Use for works deemed unacceptable reading by a religious or

..         other group.

.. Expurgated editions

..     HN: Changed 1/91. Formerly, "Expurgated editions" may have been

..         indexed as "Expurgated books.

..     SN: Use for editions or versions of works from which

..         objectionable parts in the original text -- whether or not

..         that text has been published -- have been deleted, usually

..         on moral grounds.

. Chapbooks

.     SN: Use for small, inexpensively printed books or pamphlets

.         sold primarily by traveling peddlers beginning in the 17th

.         century. Do not use for 20th century items which represent

.         themselves as chapbooks.

. Ephemera

.     SN: Use for transient everyday items, usually printed on paper,

.         that are produced for a specific limited use and then often

.         thrown away.

.. Advertisements

... Advertising cards

...     HN: 1/05 Term added.

...     SN: Use for cards distributed by merchants or manufacturers to

...         advertise or promote their business or product, common

...         beginning in the late 19th century.

... Advertising mail

... Books printed as advertisements

...     SN: Use for books issued by advertisers, the contents of which

...         are not primarily advertising matter.

... Booksellers' advertisements

...     SN: Use this term rather than "Publishers' advertisements" for

...         examples appearing before the roles of bookseller and

...         publisher were clearly differentiated.

... Printers' advertisements

... Prospectuses

...     HN: 7/00 Scope note and narrower terms "Book prospectuses" and

...         "Company prospectuses" added.

...     SN: Use for formal summaries of proposed commercial, literary,

...         or other ventures to solicit investment, purchase, or

...         participation.

.... Book prospectuses

....     HN: 7/00 Term added.

....     SN: Use for printed descriptions or accounts, sometimes

....         incorporating sample text or specimen pages, issued

....         separately or as part of books or periodicals, to solicit

....         subscription, purchase, or other patronage of forthcoming

....         books.

.... Company prospectuses

....     HN: 7/00 Term added.

....     SN: Use for formal summaries of proposed commercial ventures

....         distributed to prospective investors or participants.

... Publishers' advertisements

...     SN: Use "Booksellers' advertisements" rather than this term for

...         examples appearing before the roles of bookseller and

...         publisher were clearly differentiated.

... Sales catalogs

.... Auction catalogs

..... Book auction catalogs

.....     HN: 6/98 Term added.

.....     SN: Use for auction catalogs in which a majority of the items

.....         listed are books.

.... Booksellers' advertisements

....     SN: Use this term rather than "Publishers' advertisements" for

....         examples appearing before the roles of bookseller and

....         publisher were clearly differentiated.

.... Booksellers' catalogs

....     SN: Use this term rather than "Publishers' catalogs" for

....         examples appearing before the roles of bookseller and

....         publisher were clearly differentiated.

.... Manufacturers' catalogs

.... Publishers' catalogs

....     SN: Use "Booksellers' catalogs" rather than this term for

....         examples appearing before the roles of bookseller and

....         publisher were clearly differentiated.

.... Trade catalogs

... Sample books

...     SN: Use for books of actual samples.

... Type specimens

.. Awards

.. Blank forms

.. Bookmarks

..     HN: Approved 6/2008

..     SN: Use for unattached devices intended to be inserted between

..         leaves in a book as a place marker.

.. Broadsides

..     SN: Use for separately published pieces of paper or other

..         material, printed and intended to be read unfolded; usually

..         intended to be posted, publicly distributed, or sold, e.g.,

..         proclamations, handbills, ballad sheets, newssheets.

... Broadside poems

.... Calaveras

....     HN: 1/98 Term added.

....     SN: Use for satirical broadside poems, usually in the form of

....         mock epitaphs, illustrated with skeleton caricatures and

....         issued around the Day of the Dead.

... Catchpenny prints

...     SN: Use for illustrated broadsides on themes of popular appeal,

...         printed from wood or metal cuts and sold cheaply.

... Corantos

...     SN: Use for single-leaf forerunners of newspapers. For similar

...         items consisting of more than one leaf, use "Newsbooks.

... Playbills

...     HN: 5/02 Added RT "Cast lists.

...     SN: Use for single-sheet items advertising plays, usually

...         announcing the cast.

... Posters

.. Catalogs

..     CM: Although Webster's 3rd New International Dictionary of the English Language (the authoritative dictionary for the RBMS thesauri) lists "catalogue" as merely an alternate spelling to "catalog," and although the shared cataloging code used by the English-speaking world is entitled Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, the former has increasingly come to be viewed as a British spelling. More to the point, all of the other thesauri with which we have agreed to cooperate both in resolving existing conflicts and preventing future conflicts use the spelling "catalogs."

..         We realize this change introduces some ironies, particularly that of putting the spelling of the term within the thesaurus at variance with the spelling of the term on the title-pages of the thesauri. Nevertheless, we think that this is a change that has to be made, barring the wholehearted re-embrace of the "ue" by Americans, and fear that the longer we wait, the greater the conflict between RBMS thesaurus terms and other thesaurus terms commonly used in the cataloging of American libraries.

..     HN: Change spelling of "Catalogues" to "Catalogs

... Academic catalogs

.... College catalogs

.... School catalogs

.... University catalogs

... Exhibition catalogs

... Library catalogs

... Museum catalogs

... Sales catalogs

.... Auction catalogs

..... Book auction catalogs

.....     HN: 6/98 Term added.

.....     SN: Use for auction catalogs in which a majority of the items

.....         listed are books.

.... Booksellers' advertisements

....     SN: Use this term rather than "Publishers' advertisements" for

....         examples appearing before the roles of bookseller and

....         publisher were clearly differentiated.

.... Booksellers' catalogs

....     SN: Use this term rather than "Publishers' catalogs" for

....         examples appearing before the roles of bookseller and

....         publisher were clearly differentiated.

.... Manufacturers' catalogs

.... Publishers' catalogs

....     SN: Use "Booksellers' catalogs" rather than this term for

....         examples appearing before the roles of bookseller and

....         publisher were clearly differentiated.

.... Trade catalogs

.. Certificates

..     SN: Use for documents containing certified statements of

..         ownership, membership, fulfilled requirements, legal

..         status, etc.

.. Clippings

.. Invitations

..     HN: 1/04 Term added.

..     SN: Use for printed or handwritten requests for one’s presence

..         at an event.

.. Menus

.. Military orders

..     SN: Use for commands issued by a military superior.

.. New Year addresses

..     SN: Use for verses in broadside or pamphlet form presented to

..         patrons by trades- and service-people such as watchmen,

..         lamplighters, bakers' boys, etc., around the start of the New Year, often to request a gratuity.

... Carriers' addresses

...     SN: Use for verses in broadside or pamphlet form presented to

...         patrons by newspaper carriers, around the start of the New

...         Year, often to request a gratuity.

.. Press releases

.. Proclamations

... Fast day proclamations

... Thanksgiving day proclamations

.. Programs

..     SN: Use for lists of the events, pieces, performers, speakers,

..         etc., of an entertainment, ceremony, or the like.

... Conference programs

... Souvenir programs

...     SN: Use for programs distributed to commemorate a specific

...         event, e.g., the dedication of a monument.

... Sporting event programs

... Theater programs

.. Schedules

. Feuilletons

.     SN: Use for serialized fiction in the form of novels or

.         periodical literature.

. Literary quarrels

. Offprints

.     HN: 6/97 Term added.

.     SN: Use for works consisting of a section of a larger

.         publication, printed from the same setting of type and

.         issued as a distinct unit.

. Pamphlet wars

.     SN: Use for pamphlets which were responded to by or were issued

.         in response to another pamphlet or pamphlets, usually

.         dealing with current political or theological topics and

.         appearing in quick succession.

. Periodicals

.. Annual reports

.. Corantos

..     SN: Use for single-leaf forerunners of newspapers. For similar

..         items consisting of more than one leaf, use "Newsbooks.

.. Fanzines

..     HN: 1/05 Scope note added to existing term; edited 6/06.

..     SN: Use for independent, self-published periodicals issued by

..         or for enthusiasts of aspects of popular culture and

..         entertainment, usually inexpensively produced and with

..         small circulation.

.. Little magazines

..     SN: Use for periodicals of the type which first appeared at the

..         end of the 19th century devoted to poetry or avant-garde

..         thinking and usually of limited circulation.

.. Newsbooks

..     SN: Use for forerunners of newspapers, consisting of more than

..         one leaf, published in the 16th and 17th centuries. For

..         similar items consisting of one leaf, use "Corantos.

.. Newsletters

.. Newspapers

..     SN: Use for publications containing chiefly current or timely

..         topical material, usually intended to appear at regular

..         intervals, weekly or more frequently, not usually designed

..         for ease and permanence of storage.

.. Official gazettes

..     SN: Use for official governmental journals.

.. Yearbooks

..     SN: Use for annual compendia of facts and statistics of the

..         preceding year, frequently limited to a special subject.

. Subscription publications

.     HN: 7/03 Term added.

.     SN: Use for monographic works published by subscription.

. Three deckers

. Underground publications

.. Alternative publications

..     SN: Use for works published openly as contrasts to the

..         mainstream political, social, and cultural press of their

..         time.

.. Resistance publications

..     SN: Use for works published surreptitiously or illegally,

..         usually in wartime.

.. Samizdat

. Unfinished works

.     HN: Changed 1/91. Formerly, "Unfinished works" may have been

.         indexed as "Unfinished books.

.     SN: Use for works not finished by the author.

. Volvelles

.     HN: 1/04 Term added.

.     SN: Use for devices, whether individual or in books, consisting

.         of one or more movable circles surrounded by other

.         graduated or figured circles and intended for the

.         calculation of astronomical or other data.

. Yellowbacks

. Zines

.     HN: Approved 6/2005.

.     SN: Use for independent self-publications, periodical or

.         monographic, usually inexpensively produced and with small

.         circulation, covering any of a wide range of topics.

.. Fanzines

..     HN: 1/05 Scope note added to existing term; edited 6/06.

..     SN: Use for independent, self-published periodicals issued by

..         or for enthusiasts of aspects of popular culture and

..         entertainment, usually inexpensively produced and with

..         small circulation.

Content of work (Gathering term; do not assign)

. Anti-woman suffrage literature

.     SN: Use for literature written in opposition to woman suffrage.

. Folklore

.     HN: In the 1983 edition, this was an approved term.

.     SN: Gathering term; do not use; index under a narrower term.

.. Folk plays

.. Folk tales

.. Myths and legends

. Geographic works

.     SN: Gathering term; do not use; index under a narrower term.

.. Atlases (Geographic)

..     HN: Changed 1/91.  Formerly, "Atlases (Geographic)" may have

..         been indexed as "Atlases.

..     SN: Use for collections of maps in book form.

.. Exploration literature

.. Gazetteers

.. Guidebooks

... Emigrant guides

...     HN: 1/99 Term added.

...     SN: Use for works giving detailed information useful to those

...         emigrating or resettling.

.. Itineraries

.. Maps

... Portolan charts

...     HN: 1/00 Term added.

...     SN: Use for projectionless plane sea charts having equidistant

...         latitudinal markings but no longitudinal markings,

...         featuring the outlines of coasts, and indicating wind

...         directions by rhumb lines, which intersect at wind roses.

.. Maritime journals

..     HN: 1/99 Term added.

..     SN: Use for personal narrative accounts of journeys over bodies

..         of water.

.. Merchant manuals

..     HN: 1/00 Term added.

..     SN: Use for manuals containing information on trade routes,

..         market locations, business practices, merchant ethics, etc.

.. Overland journals

..     SN: Use for narrative accounts of journeys on overland routes,

..         especially to the American West.

.. Pilot guides

..     HN: 1/00 Term added.

..     SN: Use for nautical guides that describe coast lines, harbors,

..         dangers, and aids to navigation.

.. Roadbooks

..     SN: Use for books which present road routes, features, or

..         distances; sometimes illustrated.

.. Travel literature

.. Viewbooks

..     SN: Use for published booklets consisting primarily of views of

..         particular places, events, and activities, sometimes

..         connected by accordion folds.

. Historical works

.     SN: Gathering term; do not use; index under a narrower term.

.. Annals

..     SN: Use for historical records arranged year by year.

.. Biographies

... Autobiographies

.... Confessions

....     SN: Use for autobiographies dealing with highly private

....         matters, usually with some theoretical, intellectual, or

....         spiritual emphasis.

.... Memoirs

... Campaign biographies

...     SN: Use for biographies of political candidates issued at the

...         time of their campaigns.

.. Chronicles

..     SN: Use for histories in which events are described in

..         chronological order. These differ from annals in being more

..         connected and full.

.. Family histories

..     HN: Changed 1/91. Formerly, "Family histories" may have been

..         indexed as "Genealogies.

..     SN: Use for narrative family histories. For family trees and

..         other genealogical listings of family members, use "Genealogies.

.. Genealogies

..     SN: Use for family trees and other listings of family members.

..         For narrative histories, use "Family histories.

.. Jesuit relations

..     SN: Use for reports of Jesuit missionaries on their travels and

..         activities, especially in the Americas and Asia.

.. Local histories

.. Military histories

... Military unit histories

.... Regimental histories

....     SN: Use for histories of a particular regiment.

.. Oral histories

..     HN: Changed 1/91. Formerly, "Oral histories" may have been

..         indexed as "Oral history.

..     SN: Use for oral history interviews only, not for speeches,

..         colloquia, panel discussions, and the like.

. Leaf books

.     HN: 7/00 Term reinstated.

.     SN: Use for a book containing an account of an earlier printed

.         book or manuscript and including an original leaf or leaves

.         from it.

. Legal works

.. Bills

..     SN: Use for proposals for legislation.

.. Concordats

..     SN: Use for agreements made between the Pope and a sovereign or

..         government for the regulation of ecclesiastical matters.

.. Laws

... Constitutions

.. Legal formularies

.. Legal instruments

..     SN: May be subdivided by type of instrument, using the standard

..         terms of the jurisdiction involved.

... Affidavits

... Charters

... Contracts

... Deeds

... Inquisitiones post mortem

...     HN: Approved 1/08

...     SN: Use for official documents concerning the nature, extent,

...         and value of a deceased landholder's possessions.

.. Legislative proceedings

... Legislative hearings

.. Memorials (Legal)

..     SN: Use for written opinions submitted to an authoritative

..         body, often accompanied by a petition or remonstrance.

.. Official gazettes

..     SN: Use for official governmental journals.

.. Orders in council

..     SN: Use for British royal orders issued by and with the advice

..         of a privy council; without legal force unless authorized

..         by a parliamentary act.

.. Petitions

... Legal petitions

... Parliamentary petitions

... Royal petitions

.. Proclamations

... Fast day proclamations

... Thanksgiving day proclamations

.. Regulations

... Administrative regulations

... Military regulations

.. Session laws

..     HN: 01/00 Term added.

..     SN: Use for publications of all enactments and resolutions of a

..         legislative body passed at a particular session.

.. Treaties

.. Trial proceedings

. Political works

.     SN: Gathering term; do not use; index under a narrower term.

.. Alternative publications

..     SN: Use for works published openly as contrasts to the

..         mainstream political, social, and cultural press of their

..         time.

.. Campaign literature

..     HN: 1/98 Term added.

..     SN: Use for materials printed to win support of voters.

... Campaign biographies

...     SN: Use for biographies of political candidates issued at the

...         time of their campaigns.

.. Doomsday literature

..     SN: Use for works proclaiming the imminent approach of the end

..         of the world.

.. Legislative addresses

... Congressional addresses

.. Literature of prejudice

... Anti-Catholic literature

... Anti-clerical literature

... Anti-communist literature

... Anti-homosexual literature

... Anti-immigrant literature

... Anti-Masonic literature

... Anti-Semitic literature

... White supremacist literature

... Xenophobic literature

...     SN: Use for works which exhibit fear, dislike or hatred of

...         foreigners, foreign customs, etc.

.. Mazarinades

..     SN: Use for political pamphlets and broadsides critical of

..         Cardinal Jules Mazarin or his followers published in

..         mid-17th century France.

.. Propaganda

... Anti-abolition literature

...     HN: 6/01 Term added.

...     SN: Use for literature written in opposition to the movement to

...         abolish slavery.

... Anti-slave trade literature

...     HN: 6/01 Term added.

...     SN: Use for literature written in opposition to the slave trade.

... Antislavery literature

...     HN: 6/01 Term added.

...     SN: Use for literature written in opposition to slavery.

.. Protest literature

... Student protest literature

.. Survivalist literature

. Religious works

.     SN: Gathering term; do not use; index under a narrower term.

.. Baptismal records

.. Bible stories

..     SN: Use for paraphrases in story form of Biblical texts.

.. Catechisms

.. Christening books

..     SN: Use for books containing the names of those individuals in

..         attendance at the christening of a given individual.

.. Conversion narratives

.. Devotional literature

... Books of hours

...     SN: Use for prayer books modelled on the Breviary, and

...         containing a calendar, the Little Office of the Virgin

...         Mary, the Office for the Dead, and miscellaneous prayers.

... Devotional calendars

...     SN: Use for calendars which highlight religious activities and

...         events for specific days; not for calendars which are only

...         illustrated with religious pictures.

... Novenas

... Prayer books

...     SN: Use for books of personal prayer; they may include

...         selections from liturgical books.

... Prayers

...     SN: Use for individually issued prayers, not in book form.

... Psalters

...     SN: Use for books containing only the Psalms.

... Stations of the cross

.. Gospel books

..     HN: 6/97 Term added.

..     SN: Use for works containing the full texts of the four

..         canonical Gospels.

.. Hymns

.. Indulgences

.. Jesuit relations

..     SN: Use for reports of Jesuit missionaries on their travels and

..         activities, especially in the Americas and Asia.

.. Litanies

..     SN: Use for liturgical prayers consisting of a series of

..         invocations and supplications with alternate responses

..         between a leader and congregation.

.. Miracle narratives

.. Religious plays

... Miracle plays

...     SN: Use for medieval religious plays based on legends of saints

...         or martyrs, or on miracles performed by saints or sacred

...         objects.

... Mystery plays

...     SN: Use for medieval religious plays based on scriptural

...         incidents.

.... Passion plays

....     SN: Use for plays representing the Passion of Jesus Christ.

... Rappresentazioni

...     SN: Use for religious dramas of popular origin which were most

...         commonly performed in the churches and public squares of

...         central Italian cities, most common in the 15th century.

.. Sermons

... Apocalyptic sermons

... Children's sermons

...     SN: Use for sermons addressed to children.

... Occasional sermons

...     SN: Use for sermons given on special occasions.

.... Anniversary sermons

.... Artillery election sermons

.... Baccalaureate sermons

.... Battle sermons

.... Century sermons

.... Christmas sermons

.... Dedication sermons

.... Election sermons

.... Execution sermons

.... Farewell sermons

.... Fast-day sermons

....     HN: 1/99 Changed existing term from "Fast day sermons" to

....         "Fast-day sermons".  Add SN and UF to existing term.

....     SN: Use for texts of sermons given on days designated as days

....         of fasting.

.... Feast day sermons

.... Fourth of July sermons

.... Funeral sermons

.... Half century sermons

.... Installation sermons

....     SN: Use for sermons preached at the installation of a person in

....         a religious office or parish, whether delivered by that

....         person or another.

.... New Year sermons

.... Ordination sermons

.... Thanksgiving sermons

.... Visitation sermons

....     SN: Use for sermons preached by a bishop, etc., during an

....         official visitation.

.... War sermons

.... Wedding sermons

.. Service books

..     SN: Use for books containing miscellaneous religious rites,

..         whether or not compiled from official liturgical texts; may

..         include hymns.

... Liturgical books

...     SN: Use for collections of official texts of liturgical

...         services for use in public worship, such as the Anglican

...         Book of Common Prayer, or the Jewish Siddur.

.... Antiphonaries

....     SN: Use for works containing both text and music for the Daily

....         Office, Matins or Lauds through Compline)

.... Breviaries

....     SN: Use for works containing solely text of all that is said or

....         sung at the Daily Office, Matins or Lauds through Compline.

.... Evangeliaries

....     HN: Changed 1983.  Change from "Evangelistaries" to

....         "Evangeliaries."  Formerly, "Evangeliaries" may have been

....         indexed as "Evangelistaries.

....     SN: Use for works containing readings from the Gospels used

....         principally at the Mass throughout the year.

.... Graduals

....     SN: Use for works containing the musical portion of the Mass

....         sung by the choir.

.... Hymnals

.... Missals

....     SN: Use for books containing all that is said or sung at Mass

....         throughout the year.

.... Pontificals

....     SN: Use for works containing the offices, or forms for

....         sacraments, rites, etc., performed by a pontiff or bishop.

.... Rituals

....     SN: Use for books of instructions and texts for administering

....         the sacraments and various blessings.

.... Sacramentaries

....     SN: Use for early Catholic works containing the priest’s part

....         of the mass, together with prayers for baptisms, blessings,

....         ordinations, and consecrations.

. Scientific works

.     SN: Gathering term; do not use; index under a narrower term.

.. Atlases (Scientific)

..     HN: Changed 1/91.  Formerly, "Atlases (Scientific)" may have

..         been indexed as "Atlases.

..     SN: Use for comprehensive, systematically arranged collections

..         of plates, charts, etc. that illustrate a scientific or

..         technical subject.

... Anatomical atlases

.. Celestial atlases

.. Ephemerides

..     SN: Use for works giving the computed positions of celestial

..         bodies for each day or other regular interval; used by

..         navigators and astronomers.

.. Herbals

.. Laboratory notes

.. Medical formularies

..     SN: Use for works not having the contemporary status of a

..         standard. For works having the status of a standard, use

..         "Pharmacopoeias." When in doubt, use "Medical formularies.

.. Pharmacopoeias

..     SN: Use for works having the contemporary status of a standard.

..         When in doubt, use "Medical formularies.

.. Technical formularies

. Social customs

.     SN: Gathering term; do not use; index under a narrower term.

.. Courtesy books

..     SN: Use for books outlining the education, conduct, duties, and

..         training of noble or royal persons, or persons serving at

..         court.

.. Etiquette books

.. Festival books

..     SN: Use for accounts of festivals, parades, ceremonial entries,

..         and the like.

... Wedding books

...     SN: Use for works which recount and depict nuptial festivities

...         and events, chiefly of royalty, nobility, or famous

...         persons, and which may also include literary works offered

...         to the principals, such as epithalamia or the Italian "per le nozze.

.. Fraternity rituals

.. Funeral books

..     SN: Use for works which recount aspects of funeral and memorial

..         activities relating chiefly to royalty, nobility, or famous

..         persons, usually illustrated and containing some

..         description of mausoleums, caskets, church decorations,

..         funeral guests, etc. May include accounts of sermons,

..         eulogies, etc.

.. Lodge rituals

Illustrated works

. Allegories

.     HN: SN and added BT and Hierarchy of illustrated works added

.         1/08

.     SN: Use for literary or visual representations of abstract

.         ideas or principles through characters, figures, or events.

. Alphabet books

.     HN: Changed 1/91.  Formerly, "Alphabet books" may have been

.         indexed as "Alphabets (Primers).

.     SN: Use for both alphabet books meant as primers for teaching

.         the alphabet and those intended as vehicles for an

.         illustrator’s art.

.. Alphabet rhymes

..     SN: Use for works consisting of short rhymes for teaching the

..         alphabet.

. Anatomical atlases

. Armorials

.     HN: 1/98 Term added.

.     SN: Use for books containing depictions of coats of arms.

. Artists' books

.     HN: Scope note edited 6/2008.

.     SN: Use for books intended as works of art in themselves and

.         designed as an artistic whole, integrating binding, text,

.         illustration, etc. Do not use for "Livres d'artistes.

.. Unique books

..     HN: Approved 6/2008.

..     SN: Use for books conceived and produced as one-of-a-kind.

. Big little books

.     HN: 1/98 Term added.

.     SN: Use for small, thick, heavily illustrated books, usually

.         containing texts abridged from popular fiction.

. Blow books

.     HN: 1/98 Term added.

.     SN: Use for books with hidden nicks or tabs in the fore-edge so

.         that different illustrations appear on different occasions

.         of riffling.

. Books of hours

.     SN: Use for prayer books modelled on the Breviary, and

.         containing a calendar, the Little Office of the Virgin

.         Mary, the Office for the Dead, and miscellaneous prayers.

. Brand books

.     HN: 1/98 Term added.

.     SN: Use for books containing illustrations of livestock brands.

. Caricatures

.     SN: Use for verbal or visual works which portray in a critical

.         or facetious way a real individual or group, or a figure

.         representing a social, political, ethnic, or racial type. 

.         The effect is usually achieved through distortion or

.         exaggeration of some characteristic or characteristics.

. Cartoons

. Catchpenny prints

.     SN: Use for illustrated broadsides on themes of popular appeal,

.         printed from wood or metal cuts and sold cheaply.

. Coloring books

. Comic books

.. Tijuana bibles

..     HN: Approved 6/2007.

..     SN: Use for small, oblong comic books, clandestinely published

..         in the U.S. between the 1930s and 1950s and parodying

..         figures of popular culture in explicit sexual situations.

. Cries

.     SN: Use for works featuring illustrations of peddlers hawking

.         their wares, usually with the text of the rhyme they cried.

. Cruise books

.     HN: 6/98 Term added.

.     SN: Use for pictorial publications, usually amateur in nature,

.         documenting a voyage of a particular ship and distributed

.         to the ship’s crew.

. Dance of death

.     HN: 6/99 Term added.

.     SN: Use for literary or visual representations of a dance or

.         procession in which death as a skeleton leads its victim to

.         the grave.

. Drawing books

.     SN: Use for books on how to draw.

. Emblem books

.     SN: Use for collections of emblems, i.e., mottoes or epigrams

.         accompanied by a verse and sometimes a symbolic

.         illustration, based upon a poetic conceit or moral

.         statement, particularly popular in the 16th and 17th

.         centuries.

. Flip books

.     HN: 1/98 Term added.

.     SN: Use for books containing a series of images bound together

.         in sequence so that an illusion of movement can be imparted

.         by flipping them rapidly.

. Herbals

. Livres d’artistes

.     SN: Use for books containing original works of graphic art,

.         usually produced separately from text and binding. In

.         general, "Livres d'artistes" denotes books containing

.         original graphic art; "Artists' books" denotes books viewed

.         as the works of art themselves.

. Metamorphic pictures

.     HN: Changed 1/91. Formerly, "Metamorphic pictures" may have

.         been indexed under "Harlequinades." "Harlequinades (Plays)"

.         is currently used in this thesaurus to index a type of

.         comedy (see above).

.     SN: Use for pictures, whether individual or in books, which can

.         be transformed into one or more other pictures by turning,

.         folding, or sliding a section.

. Painted books

.     HN: Approved 6/2008.

.     SN: Use for books in which the content is created chiefly with

.         hand-applied paint. For books in which only the binding is

.         painted, use Painted bindings.

. Pattern books

.     SN: Use for books of actual patterns.

. Picture novels

. Posters

. Viewbooks

.     SN: Use for published booklets consisting primarily of views of

.         particular places, events, and activities, sometimes

.         connected by accordion folds.

Literary forms (Gathering term; do not assign)

. Allegories

.     HN: SN and added BT and Hierarchy of illustrated works added

.         1/08

.     SN: Use for literary or visual representations of abstract

.         ideas or principles through characters, figures, or events.

. Dance of death

.     HN: 6/99 Term added.

.     SN: Use for literary or visual representations of a dance or

.         procession in which death as a skeleton leads its victim to

.         the grave.

. Emblem books

.     SN: Use for collections of emblems, i.e., mottoes or epigrams

.         accompanied by a verse and sometimes a symbolic

.         illustration, based upon a poetic conceit or moral

.         statement, particularly popular in the 16th and 17th

.         centuries.

. Erotica

. Essays

. Fiction

.. Big little books

..     HN: 1/98 Term added.

..     SN: Use for small, thick, heavily illustrated books, usually

..         containing texts abridged from popular fiction.

.. Biographical fiction

.. Comic histories

.. Fables

.. Fairy tales

.. Fantasy literature

... Imaginary conversations

... Imaginary voyages

... Science fiction

... Utopian literature

.. Feuilletons

..     SN: Use for serialized fiction in the form of novels or

..         periodical literature.

.. Folk tales

.. Historical fiction

.. Mystery and detective fiction

.. Myths and legends

.. Novellas

.. Novels

... Bildungsromane

... Dime novels

... Epistolary novels

...     HN: Changed 1/91. Formerly, "Epistolary novels" may have been

...         indexed as "Epistolary fiction.

... Gothic novels

...     HN: Changed 1/91. Formerly, "Gothic novels" may have been

...         indexed as "Gothic fiction.

... Penny dreadfuls

... Picture novels

... Plot-your-own stories

...     SN: Use for novels which have the reader choose from a number

...         of options to develop the story.

... Romans à clef

... Yellowbacks

.. Occult fiction

... Ghost stories

.. Oriental tales

.. Picaresque literature

..     CM: Change made to reconcile form with LCSH and GSAFD.

..     HN: 6/99 Changed form of term from "Picaresque fiction" to

..         "Picaresque literature."  Formerly, "Picaresque literature"

..         may have been indexed as "Picaresque fiction.

..     SN: Use for episodic accounts of the adventures of an

..         engagingly roguish hero.

.. Robinsonades

..     SN: Use for imitations of Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe.

.. Sea stories

.. Short stories

.. Survivalist literature

.. War fiction

.. Western fiction

..     SN: Use for works of fiction treating themes of the American

..         West, usually set in the 19th century.

. Juvenile literature

.     SN: Use for works written for children.

.. Bible stories

..     SN: Use for paraphrases in story form of Biblical texts.

.. Fairy tales

.. Nursery rhymes

.. Nursery stories

. Narratives

.     SN: Use for works containing an account of events, experiences,

.         etc., whether true or fictitious.

.. Captivity narratives

.. Conversion narratives

.. Maritime journals

..     HN: 1/99 Term added.

..     SN: Use for personal narrative accounts of journeys over bodies

..         of water.

.. Miracle narratives

.. Overland journals

..     SN: Use for narrative accounts of journeys on overland routes,

..         especially to the American West.

.. Slave narratives

.. Survivors' narratives

..     HN: Changed 1/91. Formerly, "Survivors' narratives" may have

..         been indexed as "Survivors’ literature.

. Parables

.     SN: Use for short, fictitious stories making comparisons from

.         which moral or spiritual truths are drawn.

. Pataphysical literature

.     CM: Apostrophe not included in term or cross-reference,

.         according to ANSI/NISO z39.19-2005 6.7.2.3.

.     HN: Approved 6/2007.

.     SN: Use for works based on the principles or pataphysics

.         (intricate and whimsical nonsense intended as a parody of

.         science).

. Plays

.. Acting editions

..     SN: Use for plays with extensive printed production information.

.. Christmas pantomimes

..     SN: Use for the style of British theater, often performed at

..         Christmas, which dramatizes a fairy tale or nursery story

..         and features songs, dance, topical jokes, buffoonery, etc.,

..         with leading characters played by members of the opposite

..         sex.

.. Comedies

... Farces

... Harlequinades (Plays)

.. Film scripts

.. Folk plays

.. Heroic dramas

.. Masques

.. Morality plays

..     SN: Use for allegorical plays of the type which offer

..         discourses in praise of morality between actors

..         representing characters such as Charity, Faith, Death, etc.

.. Promptbooks

..     SN: Use for plays with manuscript production annotations.

.. Puppet plays

.. Radio plays

.. Religious plays

... Miracle plays

...     SN: Use for medieval religious plays based on legends of saints

...         or martyrs, or on miracles performed by saints or sacred

...         objects.

... Mystery plays

...     SN: Use for medieval religious plays based on scriptural

...         incidents.

.... Passion plays

....     SN: Use for plays representing the Passion of Jesus Christ.

... Rappresentazioni

...     SN: Use for religious dramas of popular origin which were most

...         commonly performed in the churches and public squares of

...         central Italian cities, most common in the 15th century.

.. Scenarios

..     SN: Use for plot outlines of dramatic works.

.. Television plays

.. Tragedies

.. Tragicomedies

..     HN: 6/99 Term added.

..     SN: Use for plays that combine the qualities of tragedy and

..         comedy, often those which employ a plot suitable for

..         tragedy but end happily.

. Poems

.. Alphabet rhymes

..     SN: Use for works consisting of short rhymes for teaching the

..         alphabet.

.. Begging poems

.. Broadside poems

... Calaveras

...     HN: 1/98 Term added.

...     SN: Use for satirical broadside poems, usually in the form of

...         mock epitaphs, illustrated with skeleton caricatures and

...         issued around the Day of the Dead.

.. Commendatory poems

..     HN: Proposed by Richard Noble; term approved 1/2006

..     SN: Use for poems, generally appearing in the preliminaries of

..         books, written in praise of the author and the work

.. Concrete poems

.. Dramatic monologues

..     SN: Use for poems in the form of monologues.

.. Eclogues

.. Epics

.. Epigrams

..     SN: Use for short satiric poems or any similar pointed sayings.

.. Fabliaux

.. Lyric poems

... Elegies

... Odes

.. Neo-Latin poems

..     HN: Approved 6/2008.

..     SN: Use for poems written in Latin since ca. 1300.

.. New Year addresses

..     SN: Use for verses in broadside or pamphlet form presented to

..         patrons by trades- and service-people such as watchmen,

..         lamplighters, bakers' boys, etc., around the start of the New Year, often to request a gratuity.

... Carriers' addresses

...     SN: Use for verses in broadside or pamphlet form presented to

...         patrons by newspaper carriers, around the start of the New

...         Year, often to request a gratuity.

.. Nonsense verse

... Limericks

.. Nursery rhymes

.. Occasional poems

..     SN: Use for poems written on or intended for a special occasion.

.. Pastoral poems

.. Penny poems

.. Performance poems

..     SN: Use for poems featuring a strong performance element.

.. Poetical miscellanies

..     SN: Use for collections of contemporary poems by different

..         authors, usually dealing with various topics and primarily

..         published from the 16th through the 18th centuries.

.. Poetry of places

.. Prize poems

..     SN: Use for poems that have been awarded a prize.

. Romances

.     SN: Use for medieval and Renaissance tales in prose or verse

.         celebrating the adventures, in love and war, of some hero

.         of chivalry. Do not use for modern romance novels.

.. Gesta

.. Pastoral romances

Musical works

. Antiphonaries

.     SN: Use for works containing both text and music for the Daily

.         Office, Matins or Lauds through Compline)

. Carol books

. Chants

. Choir books

.     SN: Use for large books with the various parts of a musical

.         composition displayed in a single opening so as to be used

.         simultaneously by all sections of a choir.

. Graduals

.     SN: Use for works containing the musical portion of the Mass

.         sung by the choir.

. Hymnals

. Libretti

. Operas

.. Ballad operas

. Operettas

. Part books

.. Table books

..     SN: Use for books of musical parts so laid out that performers

..         on opposite sides of a table can read them.

. Parts

.     SN: Use for musical parts.

. Scores

. Songs

.. Ballads

.. Hymns

.. Minstrel songs

.. National songs

.. Song sheets

. Songsters

Purpose of work (Gathering term; do not assign)

. Advertisements

.. Advertising cards

..     HN: 1/05 Term added.

..     SN: Use for cards distributed by merchants or manufacturers to

..         advertise or promote their business or product, common

..         beginning in the late 19th century.

.. Advertising mail

.. Books printed as advertisements

..     SN: Use for books issued by advertisers, the contents of which

..         are not primarily advertising matter.

.. Booksellers' advertisements

..     SN: Use this term rather than "Publishers' advertisements" for

..         examples appearing before the roles of bookseller and

..         publisher were clearly differentiated.

.. Printers' advertisements

.. Prospectuses

..     HN: 7/00 Scope note and narrower terms "Book prospectuses" and

..         "Company prospectuses" added.

..     SN: Use for formal summaries of proposed commercial, literary,

..         or other ventures to solicit investment, purchase, or

..         participation.

... Book prospectuses

...     HN: 7/00 Term added.

...     SN: Use for printed descriptions or accounts, sometimes

...         incorporating sample text or specimen pages, issued

...         separately or as part of books or periodicals, to solicit

...         subscription, purchase, or other patronage of forthcoming

...         books.

... Company prospectuses

...     HN: 7/00 Term added.

...     SN: Use for formal summaries of proposed commercial ventures

...         distributed to prospective investors or participants.

.. Publishers' advertisements

..     SN: Use "Booksellers' advertisements" rather than this term for

..         examples appearing before the roles of bookseller and

..         publisher were clearly differentiated.

.. Sales catalogs

... Auction catalogs

.... Book auction catalogs

....     HN: 6/98 Term added.

....     SN: Use for auction catalogs in which a majority of the items

....         listed are books.

... Booksellers' advertisements

...     SN: Use this term rather than "Publishers' advertisements" for

...         examples appearing before the roles of bookseller and

...         publisher were clearly differentiated.

... Booksellers' catalogs

...     SN: Use this term rather than "Publishers' catalogs" for

...         examples appearing before the roles of bookseller and

...         publisher were clearly differentiated.

... Manufacturers' catalogs

... Publishers' catalogs

...     SN: Use "Booksellers' catalogs" rather than this term for

...         examples appearing before the roles of bookseller and

...         publisher were clearly differentiated.

... Trade catalogs

.. Sample books

..     SN: Use for books of actual samples.

.. Type specimens

. Commemorative works

.     SN: Gathering term; do not use; index under a narrower term.

.. Albums

... Libri amicorum

... Scrapbooks

.. Awards

.. Certificates

..     SN: Use for documents containing certified statements of

..         ownership, membership, fulfilled requirements, legal

..         status, etc.

.. Epitaphs

.. Eulogies

.. Festival books

..     SN: Use for accounts of festivals, parades, ceremonial entries,

..         and the like.

... Wedding books

...     SN: Use for works which recount and depict nuptial festivities

...         and events, chiefly of royalty, nobility, or famous

...         persons, and which may also include literary works offered

...         to the principals, such as epithalamia or the Italian "per le nozze.

.. Festschriften

.. Funeral books

..     SN: Use for works which recount aspects of funeral and memorial

..         activities relating chiefly to royalty, nobility, or famous

..         persons, usually illustrated and containing some

..         description of mausoleums, caskets, church decorations,

..         funeral guests, etc. May include accounts of sermons,

..         eulogies, etc.

.. Guestbooks

... Christening books

...     SN: Use for books containing the names of those individuals in

...         attendance at the christening of a given individual.

.. Keepsakes

..     SN: Use for works produced to mark the occasion of a gathering

..         or event, distributed to those in attendance and not

..         usually otherwise available. For 19th century gift books,

..         use "Gift books.

... Cruise books

...     HN: 6/98 Term added.

...     SN: Use for pictorial publications, usually amateur in nature,

...         documenting a voyage of a particular ship and distributed

...         to the ship’s crew.

.. Memorials (Commemorative)

..     HN: In the 1983 edition of this thesaurus, this term was

..         authorized without a parenthetical qualifier, thus items

..         may have been indexed under "Memorials.

.. Obituaries

.. Souvenir programs

..     SN: Use for programs distributed to commemorate a specific

..         event, e.g., the dedication of a monument.

. Discoursive works

.     SN: Gathering term; do not use; index under a narrower term.

.. Addresses

... Academic addresses

...     HN: 7/00 Term added.

...     SN: Use for addresses delivered at educational institutions.

.... Baccalaureate addresses

... Convicts' addresses

.... Gallows speeches

... Lectures

... Legislative addresses

.... Congressional addresses

... Occasional addresses

...     SN: Use for addresses given on special occasions.

.... Baccalaureate addresses

.... Fast day addresses

.... Fourth of July addresses

....     HN: Changed 1/91. Formerly, "Fourth of July addresses" may have

....         been indexed as "Fourth of July orations.

.... Funeral addresses

.... Thanksgiving day addresses

... Sermons

.... Apocalyptic sermons

.... Children's sermons

....     SN: Use for sermons addressed to children.

.... Occasional sermons

....     SN: Use for sermons given on special occasions.

..... Anniversary sermons

..... Artillery election sermons

..... Baccalaureate sermons

..... Battle sermons

..... Century sermons

..... Christmas sermons

..... Dedication sermons

..... Election sermons

..... Execution sermons

..... Farewell sermons

..... Fast-day sermons

.....     HN: 1/99 Changed existing term from "Fast day sermons" to

.....         "Fast-day sermons".  Add SN and UF to existing term.

.....     SN: Use for texts of sermons given on days designated as days

.....         of fasting.

..... Feast day sermons

..... Fourth of July sermons

..... Funeral sermons

..... Half century sermons

..... Installation sermons

.....     SN: Use for sermons preached at the installation of a person in

.....         a religious office or parish, whether delivered by that

.....         person or another.

..... New Year sermons

..... Ordination sermons

..... Thanksgiving sermons

..... Visitation sermons

.....     SN: Use for sermons preached by a bishop, etc., during an

.....         official visitation.

..... War sermons

..... Wedding sermons

.. Dialogues

.. Interviews

.. Letters

.. Questions and answers

..     SN: Use for works consisting primarily of a series of questions

..         and answers.

. Gift books

.     HN: 1983 Remove from "Commemorative works" hierarchy; change

.         scope note. Prior to 1997 was a NT of "Commemorative works.

.     SN: Use for illustrated literary miscellanies, popular in the

.         19th century, intended to be given as gifts and often

.         published annually.

. Humorous works

.     SN: Gathering term; do not use; index under a narrower term.

.. Burlesques

..     SN: Use for literary or dramatic travesties characterized by

..         ludicrously extravagant incongruity between a subject and

..         its treatment.

.. Caricatures

..     SN: Use for verbal or visual works which portray in a critical

..         or facetious way a real individual or group, or a figure

..         representing a social, political, ethnic, or racial type. 

..         The effect is usually achieved through distortion or

..         exaggeration of some characteristic or characteristics.

.. Cartoons

.. Comedies

... Farces

... Harlequinades (Plays)

.. Comic books

... Tijuana bibles

...     HN: Approved 6/2007.

...     SN: Use for small, oblong comic books, clandestinely published

...         in the U.S. between the 1930s and 1950s and parodying

...         figures of popular culture in explicit sexual situations.

.. Comic histories

.. Epigrams

..     SN: Use for short satiric poems or any similar pointed sayings.

.. Facetiae

..     SN: Use for literary works characterized by coarse or obscene

..         wit.

.. Jestbooks

.. Minstrel jokes

..     SN: Use for collections of jokes made by blackface comedians of

..         the 19th- and early 20th-century United States.

.. Nonsense verse

... Limericks

.. Parodies

..     SN: Use for humorous, sometimes satiric, imitations of other

..         works.

.. Pastiches

..     SN: Use for literary or other artistic works created by

..         assembling bits and pieces from other works.

.. Satires

... Calaveras

...     HN: 1/98 Term added.

...     SN: Use for satirical broadside poems, usually in the form of

...         mock epitaphs, illustrated with skeleton caricatures and

...         issued around the Day of the Dead.

... Lampoons

...     SN: Use for comic or satiric attacks on persons.

... Pasquinades

...     SN: Use for satires or lampoons intended to be posted in a

...         public place.

. Instructional works

.     SN: Gathering term; do not use; index under a narrower term.

.. Catechisms

.. Cookbooks

.. Fables

.. Interlinearies

..     SN: Use for works of language instruction in which the text is

..         interlined in a second language.

.. Lecture notes

... Class notes

.. Manuals (Handbooks)

... Drawing books

...     SN: Use for books on how to draw.

... Emigrant guides

...     HN: 1/99 Term added.

...     SN: Use for works giving detailed information useful to those

...         emigrating or resettling.

... Merchant manuals

...     HN: 1/00 Term added.

...     SN: Use for manuals containing information on trade routes,

...         market locations, business practices, merchant ethics, etc.

... Military manuals

... Pilot guides

...     HN: 1/00 Term added.

...     SN: Use for nautical guides that describe coast lines, harbors,

...         dangers, and aids to navigation.

... Writing books

...     SN: Use for books which provide instruction in handwriting or

...         penmanship.

.... Copy books (Penmanship)

....     SN: Use for penmanship or calligraphy manuals which include

....         instructional text and examples as well as blank areas

....         designed for a pupil’s practice writing. For works which do

....         not contain such blank areas for practice, use "Penmanship manuals.

.... Exercise books (Penmanship)

....     SN: Use for books containing only blank, usually ruled pages,

....         intended for a pupil’s practice penmanship or calligraphy.

.... Penmanship manuals

....     SN: Use for penmanship or calligraphy instruction books which

....         include instructional text and examples but which do not

....         include blank areas for a pupil’s practice writing. For

....         works which also include blank areas for practice, use "Copy books (Penmanship).

.... Penmanship specimen books

....     SN: Use for books consisting solely of samples of handwriting

....         or calligraphy, intended for instruction. For works which

....         also include instructional text, use "Penmanship manuals.

.. Maxims

.. Proverbs

.. Textbooks

... Alphabet books

...     HN: Changed 1/91.  Formerly, "Alphabet books" may have been

...         indexed as "Alphabets (Primers).

...     SN: Use for both alphabet books meant as primers for teaching

...         the alphabet and those intended as vehicles for an

...         illustrator’s art.

.... Alphabet rhymes

....     SN: Use for works consisting of short rhymes for teaching the

....         alphabet.

... Chrestomathies

...     SN: Use for collections of excerpts from original texts used as

...         teaching specimens of a literature or language.

... Grammars

... Hornbooks

...     SN: Although some authorities attempt to distinguish

...         "Hornbooks" and "Battledores" by type of material used or

...         by date produced, no consistent distinction in usage has

...         been documented.

... Primers (Instructional books)

... Readers

... Spellers

. Record-keeping works

.. Account books

..     CM: Specialized collections may wish to subdivide by specific

..         types, e.g., "Account books $x Ledgers.

... Daybooks

...     SN: Use for account books of original entry which record the

...         various transactions of the day in the order in which they

...         occurred. For works sometimes known as daybooks which are

...         diaries rather than account books use "Diaries.

.. Appointment books

..     HN: 1991 term added. 2/97 "Engagement books" added as UF.

.. Baptismal records

.. Bills of mortality

..     SN: Use for periodically published official records of the

..         deaths in a given locality, often including causes of death

..         and usually in broadside form.  Having originated in London

..         in the 16th century, some of these records eventually

..         included other vital statistics such as christenings and

..         marriages.

.. Blank forms

.. Cast lists

..     HN: 5/02 Term added.

..     SN: Use for lists associating specific performers with their

..         parts.

.. Censuses

.. Certificates

..     SN: Use for documents containing certified statements of

..         ownership, membership, fulfilled requirements, legal

..         status, etc.

.. Diaries

... Maritime journals

...     HN: 1/99 Term added.

...     SN: Use for personal narrative accounts of journeys over bodies

...         of water.

... Overland journals

...     SN: Use for narrative accounts of journeys on overland routes,

...         especially to the American West.

.. Division lists

..     SN: Use for lists recording the names of members of a

..         deliberative body at the time of a vote, divided according

..         to the position taken by each voter.

.. Guestbooks

... Christening books

...     SN: Use for books containing the names of those individuals in

...         attendance at the christening of a given individual.

.. Logs

.. Membership lists

.. Military registers

... Army lists

... Navy lists

.. Notebooks

... Commonplace books

...     SN: Use for personal notebooks in which the owner has copied

...         passages of interest or written his or her own

...         compositions; use also for printed versions of such works.

... Field notes

... Laboratory notes

... Lecture notes

.... Class notes

.. Passenger lists

.. Price lists

.. Subscribers' lists

..     HN: 6/99 Delete term from Genre terms

..     SN: Deleted term. Use form "Subscription lists" from RBPUB.

.. Voting registers

. Recreations

.. Coloring books

.. Games

..     SN: Use for materials designed for play, usually according to

..         prescribed rules.

.. Puzzles

..     SN: Use for toys, contrivances, questions or problems designed

..         for testing ingenuity.

... Acrostics

... Anagrams

... Charades

...     SN: Use for collections of puzzles and conundrums in which

...         words, phrases, concepts, short dramatic scenes, etc. are

...         meant to be conveyed by brief enigmatic rhymes or by means

...         of pantomime, to be interpreted by listeners or onlookers.

... Ciphers

...     SN: Use for texts, the meaning of which is concealed by

...         substitution or transposition of letters or numbers.

... Mathematical recreations

... Rebuses

... Riddles

... Scientific recreations

. Reference works

.     SN: Gathering term; do not use; index under a narrower term.

.. Academic catalogs

... College catalogs

... School catalogs

... University catalogs

.. Almanacs

..     SN: Use for works containing a calendar of days, weeks, and

..         months, together with information such as astronomical

..         data, various statistics, etc.  Do not use for modern

..         factual compendia such as the World Almanac.

.. Alphabets (Writing systems)

.. Armorials

..     HN: 1/98 Term added.

..     SN: Use for books containing depictions of coats of arms.

.. Atlases (Geographic)

..     HN: Changed 1/91.  Formerly, "Atlases (Geographic)" may have

..         been indexed as "Atlases.

..     SN: Use for collections of maps in book form.

.. Atlases (Scientific)

..     HN: Changed 1/91.  Formerly, "Atlases (Scientific)" may have

..         been indexed as "Atlases.

..     SN: Use for comprehensive, systematically arranged collections

..         of plates, charts, etc. that illustrate a scientific or

..         technical subject.

... Anatomical atlases

.. Bibliographies

.. Brand books

..     HN: 1/98 Term added.

..     SN: Use for books containing illustrations of livestock brands.

.. Calendars

..     SN: Use for tabular registers of days, not for lists of

..         manuscripts or documents; subdivide by date.

... Perpetual calendars

...     HN: 6/98 Term added.

...     SN: Use for tables that allow determination of the correct day

...         of the week for any given date over a wide range of years.

.. Celestial atlases

.. Directories

... City directories

...     HN: 1/98 Term added.

...     SN: Use for works containing names, addresses, and other

...         identifying data of inhabitants and/or businesses of a city

...         or cities.

.. Ephemerides

..     SN: Use for works giving the computed positions of celestial

..         bodies for each day or other regular interval; used by

..         navigators and astronomers.

.. Exhibition catalogs

.. Formularies

... Legal formularies

... Medical formularies

...     SN: Use for works not having the contemporary status of a

...         standard. For works having the status of a standard, use

...         "Pharmacopoeias." When in doubt, use "Medical formularies.

... Technical formularies

.. Gazetteers

.. Herbals

.. Indexes

.. Library catalogs

.. Museum catalogs

.. Pattern books

..     SN: Use for books of actual patterns.

.. Pharmacopoeias

..     SN: Use for works having the contemporary status of a standard.

..         When in doubt, use "Medical formularies.

.. Quotations

.. Wordbooks

..     SN: Gathering term; do not use; index under a narrower term.

... Alphabet books

...     HN: Changed 1/91.  Formerly, "Alphabet books" may have been

...         indexed as "Alphabets (Primers).

...     SN: Use for both alphabet books meant as primers for teaching

...         the alphabet and those intended as vehicles for an

...         illustrator’s art.

.... Alphabet rhymes

....     SN: Use for works consisting of short rhymes for teaching the

....         alphabet.

... Concordances

... Dictionaries

.... Etymological dictionaries

.... Reverse dictionaries

... Encyclopedias

... Glossaries

... Phrase books

... Thesauri

.. Yearbooks

..     SN: Use for annual compendia of facts and statistics of the

..         preceding year, frequently limited to a special subject.

Versions of works (Gathering term; do not assign)

. Abridgements

. Acting editions

.     SN: Use for plays with extensive printed production information.

. Adaptations

. Books for the visually impaired

. Expurgated editions

.     HN: Changed 1/91. Formerly, "Expurgated editions" may have been

.         indexed as "Expurgated books.

.     SN: Use for editions or versions of works from which

.         objectionable parts in the original text -- whether or not

.         that text has been published -- have been deleted, usually

.         on moral grounds.

. Parodies

.     SN: Use for humorous, sometimes satiric, imitations of other

.         works.

. Pastiches

.     SN: Use for literary or other artistic works created by

.         assembling bits and pieces from other works.

. Promptbooks

.     SN: Use for plays with manuscript production annotations.

. Scenarios

.     SN: Use for plot outlines of dramatic works.

. Synopses

. Translations